Day 017 - 25 Jul 94 - Page 04

     
     1   Q.   Are you presently contributing to a text book to be
              published by the Oxford University Press?
     2        A.  Yes, there is a book which, hopefully, will be
              published in the very near future, which is the Oxford
     3        Textbook of Oncology.  I have contributed to the chapter
              on the treatment of colon rectal cancer, not just the
     4        treatment of it.  It is also the pathology, the aetiology
              of colon rectal cancer.
     5
         Q.   One final question about yourself, then we go on to the
     6        learning.  Have you been an examiner of medical students?
              A.  Yes.  I have examined under graduates and I have also
     7        examined post graduates; I am currently an examiner for
              the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh.  I have been
     8        an examiner for the Royal College of Radiologists here in
              London.  I have also examined, as I say, under graduates
     9        and also radiographers, taking examinations through the
              College of Radiographers.
    10
         Q.   I will ask this question now, if I may.   I will come back
         to it again in a bit more detail later on.  Have you read
              the two reports submitted on behalf of the defendants
    12        which were written by a Dr. Neil Barnard in this case?
              A.  Yes, I have.
    13
         Q.   If you were examining Dr. Barnard in relation to an essay
    14        written on the aetiology of cancer, and those were the
              essays which he submitted to you for examination, what
    15        mark would you give him?
              A.  I think I would actually have to fail him because when
    16        you are marking papers by post graduates or students, you
              are looking for a balanced presentation of the evidence
    17        for or against a particular causation.  And you want the
              candidate to show he is able to analyse the pros and cons
    18        and make a judgment based on that evidence.  Dr. Barnard
              in his report produces only one side of the evidence.  He
    19        does not look at the other side of the coin.  I would,
              therefore, in those circumstances, have to fail him, I am
    20        afraid.
 
    Q.   Can I ask you a little more about cancer itself.  Are
              there different kinds of cancers?
    22        A.  There are many different kinds of cancers.  It is
              popularly supposed that cancer is one illness, but it is a
    23        collection of illnesses.  We can categorise cancers
              dependent on the tissues from which they arise.
    24
         Q.   What are the words used to do that?
    25        A.  The tissues -- the cancers which arise from the
              covering tissues of the body, such as skin, or the lining 
    26        tissues of the intestine, are called carcinomas.  Tumours 
              which arise from the structure of the body, like bones and 
    27        fibres of the body, the muscles, these are called
              sarcomas, and then there are intermediate tumours which
    28        arise from the lymph system, which is in many ways the
              sort of drainage or defence system of the body, called
    29        lymphomas.  Allied to them are tumours which arise in the
              marrow or from the blood forming cells which are called
    30        leukeamieas.